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Implement Speculative Decoding is a hard coding interview question covering deep learning, sampling, math — the kind asked at FAANG (Facebook/Meta, Apple, Amazon, Netflix, Google) and AI-first companies like Anthropic, OpenAI, and Nvidia.
A small draft model cheaply proposes k tokens; the large target model scores all k in one forward pass. Implement the acceptance loop that decides which draft tokens to keep, given the draft probabilities q, target probabilities p, and uniform random draws - and explain why the output distribution is exactly the target model's.
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